Green bridge between waste and energy: conversion the rotten wood into cathode for functional Zn-air battery

Abstract

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a cathode reaction for Zn-air battery (ZAB), however, it limits the large scale utilization of ZAB for its nature of a slow dynamic process. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to improve ORR performance when waste biomass materials are turned into cathode materials for ZAB. Herein, we report a simple and expandable green strategy, that can convert waste biomass materials (rotten wood (RW)) into N-doped carbon material (NRW-1000) with excellent ORR ability in a one-step process. In this strategy, NH4Cl is selected as activator and N source, thus realizing the biomass carbonization, activation and N doping process at the same time. The NRW-1000 prepared by this strategy was endowed with a half-wave of 0.87 V (vs. RHE), which is the same as Pt/C (0.87 V). To test the practicality of NRW-1000, different types of ZAB were assembled to power homemade electronics. Remarkably, the button ZAB based on NRW-1000 showed even more impressive energy density (58.52 mW cm−2) than that of the commercial PR 48 (Panasonic) (30.73 mW cm−2). Our work provides a solution to the current energy crisis by recycling waste into electrochemical catalysts.