Green and Facile Synthesis of Zn3V2O8−Ag@C Composite as an Efficient Electrode for Supercapacitor Application

Abstract

AbstractThe present study demonstrates the synthesis of ternary composites of zinc vanadate (Zn3V2O8) with silver (Ag) and carbon matrix originated from the Bengal gram bean extract (BGBE) using a facile, economic, and environmentally sustainable rotational chemical bath deposition (R−CBD) method. From the electrochemical studies, it is found that the Zn3V2O8−Ag@C demonstrated improved electrochemical performance with the specific capacitance (Csp) of 380.1 F g−1, energy density (ED) of 52.7 Wh kg−1, with power density (PD) of 882.3 W kg−1 at 3 mA cm−2 current density and good capacitive retention of 89.8 % over 3000 charge–discharge (GCD) cycles, which is remarkably higher than the other electrode materials (Zn3V2O8, Zn3V2O8−Ag, Zn3V2O8@C). The combined merits of conductive silver (Ag) nanoparticle and carbonaceous material from BGBE assist in enhancing the overall electrochemical performance of Zn3V2O8−Ag@C. The Zn3V2O8−Ag@C nanocomposite was used as electrode material for the fabrication of a flexible symmetric solid–state supercapacitor device (SSC). The SSC device delivered a Csp of 69.17 F g−1 with an energy density (ED) of 13.8 Wh kg−1 at a 2 mA cm−2 current density. Moreover, the SSC shows a 90 % capacitive retention over the continuous GCD cycles.