Abstract
In this work, gold nanostar (AuNPs) and gold nanodendrites were synthesized by one-pot and environmentally friendly approach in the presence of gelatin. Influence of gelatin concentrations and reaction conditions on the growth of branched (AuNPs) were investigated further. Interestingly, the conversion of morphology between dendritic and branched nanostructure can be attained by changing the pH value of gelatin solution. The role of gelatin as a protecting agent through the electrostatic and steric interaction was also revealed. Branched nanoparticles were characterized by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), XRD, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta-potential. The chemical interaction of gelatin with branched gold nanoparticles was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IT) technique. Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy results indicated the formation of branched gold nanoparticles with the maximum surface plasmon resonance peak at 575–702 nm. The structure of both nanodendrites and nanostars were determined by TEM. The crystal sizes of nano-star ranged from 42 to 55 nm and the nanodendrites sizes were about 75–112 nm. Based on the characterizations, a growth mechanism could be proposed to explain morphology evolutions of branched AuNPs. Moreover, the branched AuNPs is high viability at 100 μg/mL concentration when performed by the SRB assay with human foreskin fibroblast cells.
Highlights
In recent years, multi-branched gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained focus as the most promising nanomaterial for biomedical applications due to their unique properties such as surface functionalization and biocompatibility, which highly depend on structural features of the nanoparticles [1]
We propose a direct approach to prepare AuNPs with multi-branched morphology using gelatin as a protecting agent
100 μL of 25 mM HAuCl4 solution was added into 1.0 mL gelatin (0.1%, w/v) solution at 40 ◦ C of temperature, and the mixture was magnetically stirred at 700 rpm for 45 min
Summary
Multi-branched gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained focus as the most promising nanomaterial for biomedical applications due to their unique properties such as surface functionalization and biocompatibility, which highly depend on structural features of the nanoparticles [1]. To prepare a biocompatible system containing multi-branched AuNPs with non-toxic reducing and stabilizing agents, another technique that is environmentally friendly is required. Due to the structural transformation in different conditions, gelatin could be an appropriate component for controlling the growth of gold nanoparticles This hydrophilic coating allows better dispersion of the synthesized AuNPs, which could be suitable for testing in biological experiments. The distinct stages in the synthesis of AuNPs were investigated by Yi-Chen Wang and co-workers using the mixture of HAuCl4 /HEPES and gelatin solution Based on their proposed mechanism, it was suggested that the shape and size of AuNPs were strongly dependent on the nucleation time and heating temperatures [12]. The stability of gelatin at different pH values was investigated to propose mechanism growth of branched and dendritic structures
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