Abstract
We show that with a purely blue-detuned cooling mechanism we can densely load single neutral atoms into large arrays of shallow optical tweezers. With this ability, more efficient assembly of larger ordered arrays will be possible - hence expanding the number of particles available for bottom-up quantum simulation and computation with atoms. Using Lambda-enhanced grey molasses on the D1 line of 87Rb, we achieve loading into a single 0.63 mK trap with 89% probability, and we further extend this loading to 100 atoms at 80% probability. The loading behavior agrees with a model of consecutive light-assisted collisions in repulsive molecular states. With simple rearrangement that only moves rows and columns of a 2D array, we demonstrate one example of the power of enhanced loading in large arrays.
Highlights
In quantum simulation and computing, the assembly of large arrays of individually controllable particles is a frontier challenge
The red-detuned polarization gradient cooling (RPGC) imaging is simulated by assuming that it entails a fast collisional process at the start of the image, where red-detuned collisions reduce atom numbers in a manner consistent with our red loading—namely, we reduce any remaining Natom > 1 by 2 with a chance of 65% and by 1 with a chance of 35% until Natom ≤ 1
Increasing the loading probability P from P 1⁄4 60% to P 1⁄4 90% decreases m by a factor of 4, making larger array sizes more obtainable and exponentially improving the success probability SP
Summary
In quantum simulation and computing, the assembly of large arrays of individually controllable particles is a frontier challenge. We form ordered atom arrays by combining dense loading of large optical-tweezer arrays with atom imaging and rearrangement (Fig. 1). To isolate single atoms in optical tweezers or lattices, one typically drives light-assisted collisions in the collisional blockade regime using red-detuned light [18,20]. In this case, atoms are photoassociated to attractive molecular states in which they accelerate towards each other and gain kinetic energy that predominantly expels both from the trap [Fig. 1(a)]. By using ΛGM, we have the ability to cool into the trap and photoassociate with the same bluedetuned laser [Fig. 1(a)], and we can control the energy that atoms are given in the collision by varying the laser’s detuning.
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