Abstract
In this paper we consider the effects of gravity on the density fluctuations in and near the vapor-liquid interface of a fluid very close to the critical temperature. The results complement those of a previous analysis of the gravity effects on the fluctuations in the one-phase region above the critical temperature. The correlation function is anisotropic and we distinguish between a longitudinal and a transverse correlation length which are height dependent. The longitudinal correlation-length profiles exhibit maxima above and below the dividing surface and this two-peak structure persists in a small temperature range above the critical temperature. The transverse correlation length increases with decreasing temperature and its value at the dividing surface approaches the capillary length at temperatures well below the critical temperature.
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