Grasp of wheat leaf rust through plant leaves extract and bioagent as an eco-friendly measure

Abstract

The efficiency in the treatment of leaf rust of wheat was examined for plant leaf extracts of Neem and Moringa at varied concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 ml correspondingly. All treatments decreased fungal growth in vitro by greater than 90%. The germination of spores was decreased by 91.99% in the presence of neem leaf extract at 150 ml concentration. The percentage of pustules/leaf was reduced by foliar spray of the same treatments on seedlings of the wheat plant. The wheat plants show the greatest response against the pathogen of leaf rust by plant extract second foliar application on the 4th day of infection. Spray application of 150 ml, 100 ml of neem leaf extracts, and 150 ml of Moringa leaf extracts at wheat seedlings, rust development completely prevented four days after leaf rust inoculation The application of treatments of all extract on wheat plants at the mature stage significantly reduced the disease (ACI, average infection coefficient) and increase the efficacy of plant extracts application as compared to control but Neem 150 ml treatment was most effective in all. The chlorophyll and phenol content in wheat plants represented a higher increase. In the case of the first or second-spray application, while the grain yield components of 1000 kernel weight had improved, the second-spray application was more efficient in that respect. To manage leaf rust disease in Bahawalpur, it may thus be inferred that plant extracts are beneficial for a safer biological control compared to synthetic fungicides.