Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (C3N4)–BiVO4 heterojunctions with various mass ratios of C3N4 and BiVO4 were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) results show that an interface of intimate contact is formed between C3N4 and BiVO4 in heterojunctions. The UV-vis diffuse reflection spectra reveal that the resulting C3N4–BiVO4 heterojunctions exhibit more intensive absorption within the visible light range in comparison with pure C3N4. The photocatalytic tests demonstrate that the resulting C3N4–BiVO4 heterojunctions possess significantly enhanced photocatalytic activities for methylene blue (MB) degradation under visible light irradiation compared with individual C3N4 and BiVO4. The optimum photocatalytic activity of the 0.7 C3N4–0.3 BiVO4 heterojunction is almost 3.5 and 2.8 times higher than those of individual C3N4 and BiVO4, respectively. On the basis of experimental result, a possible photocatalytic mechanism that has superoxide radical species as the mainly active species in photocatalysis is proposed. Additionally, the present study provides a useful strategy to design heterojunction materials with enhanced photocatalytic performance.
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