Abstract
The unique properties of graphene blended with palladium deposition were used for sensing application by virtue of its charge transfer properties. Epinephrine (EP) is anodically oxidized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified by palladium graphene composite in phosphate buffer solution of pH 7. The electrodeposited palladium over the GCE – graphene surface ensures fast electrochemical determination of EP. The electrode served as a sensing platform for the simultaneous voltammetric determination of EP, ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA). The electrochemical deposition of palladium has greatly enhanced the surface properties. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and chronoamperometry were used to assess the electrochemical performance. Investigations reveal that the process is adsorption controlled involving two electrons and the average catalytic rate constant is 2.39 × 103 M−1s−1. Palladium incorporated electrode sensitively determined EP in presence of the usual interferents uric acid (UA) and ascorbic acid (AA) with well resolved peaks at very minute concentrations. DPV method enabled the highest sensitivity of 100nM for EP, 170nM for UA and 22μM for AA. The modified electrode offered excellent performance toward real samples such as blood serum and urine.
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