Abstract
Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering have been considered pioneer fields in the life sciences, with an ultimate goal of restoring or switching lost or impaired body parts. Graphene oxide (GO) is the product of graphene oxidation and presents a great opportunity to make substantial progress in the field of regenerative medicine; for example, it supports the possibility of creating a cellular niche for stem cells on a nanoparticle surface. GO creates a fascinating structure for regulating stem cell behavior, as it can potentially applied to the noninvasive chase of stem cells in vivo, the liberation of active biological factors from stem cell-containing delivery systems, and the intracellular delivery of factors such as growth factors, DNA, or synthetic proteins in order to modulate stem cell differentiation and proliferation. Due to the interesting physicochemical properties of GO and its possible usage in tissue engineering approaches, the present review aims to elaborate on the ways in which GO can improve current regenerative strategies. In this respect, the applicability of GO to the repair and regeneration of various tissues and organs, including cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, and nervous, bone, cartilage, adipose, and skin tissues, is discussed.
Highlights
Regenerative medicine (RM) and tissue engineering (TE) have been considered pioneer fields to the life sciences, with the ultimate goal being the restoration or switching of lost or impaired body parts through tissue transplantation assisted by supportive scaffolds and biomolecules
Many articles describing the use of Graphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives in RM have been published in recent years, and there are both advantages and disadvantages to the use of these compounds to increase regeneration efficiency
Electric conductivity is necessary for cardiac and nerve regeneration, mechanical strength is necessary for bone and cartilage regeneration, and a vast surface is required as a stem cell milieu during regeneration of most tissues
Summary
Masomeh Maleki†, Reza Zarezadeh†, Mohammad Nouri, Aydin Raei Sadigh, Farhad Pouremamali, Zatollah Asemi, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Forough Alemi*, Bahman Yousefi*.
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