Abstract
Stepping into the 21st century, “graphene fever” swept the world due to the discovery of graphene, made of single-layer carbon atoms with a hexagonal lattice. This wonder material displays impressive material properties, such as its electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength, and it also possesses unique optical and magnetic properties. Many researchers see graphene as a game changer for boosting the performance of various applications. Emerging consumer electronics and electric vehicle technologies require advanced battery systems to enhance their portability and driving range, respectively. Therefore, graphene seems to be a great candidate material for application in high-energy-density/high-power-density batteries. The “graphene battery”, combining two Nobel Prize-winning concepts, is also frequently mentioned in the news and articles all over the world. This review paper introduces how graphene can be adopted in Li-ion/Li metal battery components, the designs of graphene-enhanced battery materials, and the role of graphene in different battery applications.
Highlights
Stepping into the 21st century, “graphene fever” swept the world due to the discovery of graphene, made of single-layer carbon atoms with a hexagonal lattice
These novel applications strongly rely on the advancement of battery technologies to expand their capability for more features and a longer operation time, and graphene technologies always remain under consideration for use in next-generation batteries
We introduce the structural designs/processing methods of graphene-enhanced battery components and share the recent developments of graphene applications in anodes, cathodes, separators, and current collectors
Summary
Graphene possesses many unique properties [10,11,12,13]. The thinnest known material can modify coated material without increasing it too much in thickness. Anchored-type graphene composite materials can be synthesized using this method by precipitating active materials onto the graphene sheets after the exfoliation process in the solution. This method shares the same concern as graphene prepared by mechanical milling, where the binding force will not be strong without further treatments. Another disadvantage is that the yield of single-layer graphene could be relatively low, even though it can be classified in the liquid-phase dispersion state. The shortcomings of utilizing GO are (1) strong oxidants are employed, which are not environmentally friendly, and (2) many defects could be created during the oxidation reaction
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