Abstract
This paper presents a radiation pattern reconfigurable Yagi-Uda antenna based on graphene operating at terahertz frequencies. The antenna can be reconfigured to change the main beam pattern into two or four different radiation directions. The proposed antenna consists of a driven dipole radiation conductor, parasitic strips and embedded graphene. The hybrid graphene-metal implementation enables the antenna to have dynamic surface conductivity, which can be tuned by changing the chemical potentials. Therefore, the main beam direction, the resonance frequency, and the front-to-back ratio of the proposed antenna can be controlled by tuning the chemical potentials of the graphene embedded in different positions. The proposed two-beam reconfigurable Yagi-Uda antenna can achieve excellent unidirectional symmetrical radiation pattern with the front-to-back ratio of 11.9 dB and the10-dB impedance bandwidth of 15%. The different radiation directivity of the two-beam reconfigurable antenna can be achieved by controlling the chemical potentials of the graphene embedded in the parasitic stubs. The achievable peak gain of the proposed two-beam reconfigurable antenna is about 7.8 dB. Furthermore, we propose a four-beam reconfigurable Yagi-Uda antenna, which has stable reflection-coefficient performance although four main beams in reconfigurable cases point to four totally different directions. The corresponding peak gain, front-to-back ratio, and 10-dB impedance bandwidth of the four-beam reconfigurable antenna are about 6.4 dB, 12 dB, and 10%, respectively. Therefore, this novel design method of reconfigurable antennas is extremely promising for beam-scanning in terahertz and mid-infrared plasmonic devices and systems.
Highlights
It is observed that the graphene technology has attracted growing interests and its potential applications for various fields have been discovered in the last decade
A kind of Yagi-Uda antenna based on graphene with radiation pattern reconfigurable function has been proposed in this article
Dipole antenna and parasitic elements, which can be tuned by changing the chemical potential, allows the proposed antennas to change the radiation beam into two or four different directions
Summary
It is observed that the graphene technology has attracted growing interests and its potential applications for various fields have been discovered in the last decade. A type of graphene-based reconfigurable Yagi-Uda antenna with two or four radiation patterns is proposed, where the radiation patterns can cover the full azimuth plane. We outline that the proposed reconfigurable antenna is valid for graphene-based Yagi-Uda antennas with more radiation patterns (i.e., 6-, 8- patterns and so on). Such antennas with high directionality (i.e., high gain) could be ideal for a number of applications including wireless sensor networks,[26] and the last mile access network employing hybrid free space optics and radio frequency technologies,[27] which offer improved link performance.
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