Graphdiyne Nanowalls as Anode for Lithium—Ion Batteries and Capacitors Exhibit Superior Cyclic Stability

Abstract

In this study, we reported the design and application of hierarchical porous Graphdiyne Nanowall (GDY−NW) for energy storage device as lithium−ion batteries (LIBs) and capacitors (LICs). The unique hierarchical porous with the presence of butadiyne linkages comprising sp− and sp2− hybridized carbon atoms reinforces not only providing rich active sites for lithium storage, but also the efficient pathways for fast ion diffusion. Future more, the stable SEI layer formed on the GDY−NW surface after the initial cycle which can effectively reduce the resistance of interface and thus stable the circulating batteries, confirmed directly through the in−situ Raman measurement. The GDY−NW electrodes exhibit a reversible capacity of approximately 908mAhg−1 at 0.05A g−1, excellent cyclic stability with retention of 526mAhg−1 at large rate of 1Ag−1 after 1000 cycles applied as anode for LIBs. Thus GDY−NW films could deliver a capacitance more than 189Fg−1 over 10000 cycles at 1Ag−1 for LICs with active carbon cathode and exhibit an initial specific energy as high as 217 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 100W kg−1, presenting the benefit of the unique hierarchical porous structure comprising amount of macro, meso− and micro−pores, for thus high performance capability and cyclicity for renewable energy lithium storage.