Graphdiyne-modified TiO2 nanofibers with osteoinductive and enhanced photocatalytic antibacterial activities to prevent implant infection

Rui Wang,Yun Qiu,Jiaguo Yu,Qin Zhao,Miusi Shi,Kailun Shen,Feiyan Xu,Yufeng Zhang,Peng Zhang

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18267-1

Rui Wang, Yun Qiu + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18267-1

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Abstract

Titanium implants have been widely used in bone tissue engineering for decades. However, orthopedic implant-associated infections increase the risk of implant failure and even lead to amputation in severe cases. Although TiO2 has photocatalytic activity to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), the recombination of generated electrons and holes limits its antibacterial ability. Here, we describe a graphdiyne (GDY) composite TiO2 nanofiber that combats implant infections through enhanced photocatalysis and prolonged antibacterial ability. In addition, GDY-modified TiO2 nanofibers exert superior biocompatibility and osteoinductive abilities for cell adhesion and differentiation, thus contributing to the bone tissue regeneration process in drug-resistant bacteria-induced implant infection.

Highlights

Titanium implants have been widely used in bone tissue engineering for decades
The photocatalytic activity of TiO2/GDY and TiO2 nanofibers was measured through a rhodamine B (RhB) degradation assay
RhB belongs to xanthene dyes, a class of stable fluorescent dyes that can be degraded by the photocatalytic effect of TiO2 through photobleaching and N-desulfurization[30]

Summary

Introduction

Titanium implants have been widely used in bone tissue engineering for decades. orthopedic implant-associated infections increase the risk of implant failure and even lead to amputation in severe cases. TiO2 has photocatalytic activity to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), the recombination of generated electrons and holes limits its antibacterial ability. GDY-modified TiO2 nanofibers exert superior biocompatibility and osteoinductive abilities for cell adhesion and differentiation, contributing to the bone tissue regeneration process in drug-resistant bacteria-induced implant infection. Repeated antibiotic treatment increases the possibility of drug resistance (40% of pathogenic S. aureus are methicillinresistant forms)[4] These infections often lead to implant failure, which requires implant replacements and causes chronic and/or relapsing disease[3,5]. An ideal titanium implant should have features of a controllable antibacterial surface based on steady long-term tissue regeneration guidance properties. In view of the aforementioned advantages, GDY is an ideal material to coordinate the dual functions of TiO2 implants with both tissue regeneration properties and antibacterial effects

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