Abstract
Abstract Potassium fertilization can change K forms available in the soil, as well as influence plant absorption of it and yield but, mainly, it can affect grape composition. The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of potassium (K) fertilization on grape production and juice (must) composition of a Cabernet Sauvignon cultivar. Grapevines were treated with 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 year-1 K2O. Leaf K contents, grape yield per plant and area, total soluble solids (TSS), must pH and titratable acidity, and K available in the soil were assessed. Soil samples collected at the 20-cm layer were analyzed to measure K availability and nonexchangeable K in them, based on studies conducted over 3 growing seasons. Results have shown that K application did not have effect on grape production and must composition, although it increased K contents in leaf blade and petiole. However, annual K fractionation in the soil has suggested that 100 kg ha-1 year-1 K2O is the K dose capable of maintaining K availability to plants at more appropriate contents throughout the growing seasons.
Highlights
The Brazilian Southern Region, where Santa Catarina State is located in, has a large area used to grow Cabernet Sauvignon grape (SILVA; RODRIGUES, 2018)
Grape production and composition may be affected by potassium (K), which may change the distribution of nutrient fractions in vineyard soils
Once K is absorbed by plants, it is transported through the xylem to the leaves and other organs, mainly to those involved in cell division processes (BACHTELER et al, 2013; BENITO et al, 2013; KUMARAN et al, 2019)
Summary
The Brazilian Southern Region, where Santa Catarina State is located in, has a large area used to grow Cabernet Sauvignon grape (SILVA; RODRIGUES, 2018). Potassium (K) available in the soil can be taken up by plants and transported to the leaves and berries. Excessive K fertilization does not increase grape production (DELGADO et al, 2004; BOONTERM et al, 2010; DAL BO et al, 2015; CIOTTA et al, 2016; NIEVES-CORDONES, et al, 2019), but it can affect enzymatic reactions, protein and carbohydrate synthesis, photosynthesis and cell osmotic potential control (MPELASOKA et al, 2003; CHAVES et al, 2016; ROGIERS et al, 2017), just as other nutrients affect plant physiology. The aim of the present study was to assess how K fertilization can affect grape production, must composition and K forms available in the soil
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