Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Level in Serum of Patient with Hodgkin Lymphoma Pre and Post-Chemotherapy

Abstract

The pathological features of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)reflect an abnormal immune response that may cause elaboration of different cytokines by the malignant Reed-Sternberg cells or surrounding tissue. Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF)is a cytokine stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of neutrophils and granulocytes. This study was designed to estimation serum levels of mentioned cytokine in HL patient’s pre and posts various doses of chemotherapy. Study groups were classified into 40 HL, 40 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL), and 40 healthy controls(HC)during May to November 2015. Blood samples were taken from patients who were admitted to Baghdad teaching hospital and hospitals staffs to detect GM-CSF factor level in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A significant decrease in mean serum level of studied cytokine was reported in the majority of HL patients after receiving various doses of chemotherapy. Their mean serum level before receiving any doses of chemotherapy (dose 0) was 6.09+1.15, and after receiving 1-6, 7-12 and 13-30 doses of chemotherapy, their GM-CSF mean levels were decreased significantly to 4.51+0.17, 4.683+0.16 and 4.682+0.44 respectively(p=0.01, p=0.02, and p=0.03). Inversely, the majority of NHL patients mean serum level of the cytokine was increased non-significantly after receiving doses of chemotherapy, excluding at 13-30dose it was increased significantly(p=0.04). The present results indicate that levels of GM-CSF in HL patients are correlated with various doses of chemotherapy and such stimulating factor could be useful means for HL chemotherapy monitoring.