Abstract
BackgroundOverwhelming activation of granulocytes and monocytes is central to inflammatory responses during sepsis. Granulocyte and monocyte adsorptive apheresis (GMA) is an extracorporeal leukocyte apheresis device filled with cellulose acetate beads and selectively adsorbs granulocytes and monocytes from the peripheral blood.MethodsIn this study, septic rats received the GMA treatment for 2 h at 18 h after cecal ligation and puncture.ResultsGMA selectively adsorbed activated neutrophils and monocytes from the peripheral blood, reduced serum inflammatory cytokine expression, and seemed to improve organ injuries and animal survival. GMA potentially reduced lung injury by alleviating the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the secretion of cytokines.ConclusionsThis study showed that selective granulocyte and monocyte adsorption with cellulose acetate beads might ameliorate cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis and improve survival and organ function.
Highlights
Overwhelming activation of granulocytes and monocytes is central to inflammatory responses during sepsis
Granulocyte and monocyte adsorptive apheresis (GMA) is an extracorporeal leukocyte apheresis device filled with cellulose acetate beads and selectively adsorbs granulocytes and monocytes from the peripheral blood [10]
GMA selectively adsorbed peripheral blood leukocytes and ameliorated cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis After 2-h GMA treatment, the number of peripheral leukocytes significantly decreased (p < 0.001, 0-h GMA vs. 2-h GMA, Fig. 2a), while there was no change in the sham GMA group (p > 0.05, 0-h sham GMA vs. 2-h sham GMA, Fig. 2a)
Summary
Overwhelming activation of granulocytes and monocytes is central to inflammatory responses during sepsis. Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection [1]. Innate and adaptive immune system cells play a critical role in the host response to sepsis [4]. Leukocytes, such as granulocytes and monocytes, are central to the inflammatory responses to infection, which involves phagocytosis, the production and release of reactive oxygen species and cytokines, and the adhesion to and infiltration into the tissue [3,4,5,6]. Overwhelming activation of granulocytes and monocytes can contribute to significant cell and tissue damage [7]
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