Granular beads in a vibrating, quasi two-dimensional cell: The true shape of the effective pair potential

Abstract

Steady-state pair correlations between inelastic granular beads in a vertically shaken, quasi two-dimensional cell can be mapped onto the particle correlations in a truly two-dimensional reference fluid in thermodynamic equilibrium. Using Granular Dynamics simulations and Iterative Ornstein–Zernike Inversion, we demonstrate that this mapping applies in a wide range of particle packing fractions and restitution coefficients, and that the conservative reference particle interactions are simpler than it has been reported earlier. The effective potential appears to be a smooth, concave function of the particle distance r. At low packing fraction, the shape of the effective potential is compatible with a one-parametric fit function proportional to r−2.