GRAMMAR OF THE IDIOSTYLE IN POETRY (on the example of Georgy Ivanov`s poems)

Abstract

The article deals with the study of the grammar of idiostyle in poetry. Theoretical basis of the study of grammar of poetic idiostyle based on the material of poetry is the doctrine of the inner form of a word and language features, the theory of morphological field and achievements of functional grammar, modern developments in the field of linguistics, linguopoetics, and poetic aesthetics. In the structure of the poetic text, a unit of any of the levels is capable of possessing expressiveness, being an expressive unit, interacting with other levels. The semantic and functional enrichment of grammatical means in the poetic language of the 19th-20th centuries has an individual-author character, based on the systemic grammatical potential of the national language. As a consequence, these enriched units and categories form the grammatical system of poetic language as a subset of the national language. “Poetic cognition” is verbal in nature. The tools of “poetic cognition” are the artistic word and the structure of language as a system of connections and relations between linguistic units. Linguopoetic mechanisms of grammatical meanings actualization and neutralization in poetic language are based on general linguistic characteristics of morphological categories and on the regularities of poetic functioning, the selection of neutral and marked grammemes. In addition to the violation of the grammatical norm, poetic language has a variety of artistic techniques and forms patterns, the basis of which is morphological selection and the formation of homogeneous groups, series, texts and their fragments, morphological attraction (assimilation of some morphological units to others). Besides, verse localization is a means of isolating and neutralizing the semantics of a certain unit. Within the framework of general poetic patterns in each text and “idiostyle” an authorial system of morphological selection and attraction is formed, which forms units and unities. The dynamics of the development of techniques and poetic means can be considered both within the framework of an individual work and in the comparative dimension, at the level of describing the idiostyle of an individual artist and in the idiostyles of different authors. Grammatical selection creates a variety of morphological dominants in individual works.