Abstract
We have studied impact drag force and impact cratering mechanics thus far in this book. As a target material, dense granular beds have been principally considered. Soft impact with a loose granular target causes many intriguing phenomena, as described in the previous chapters. In this chapter, we will focus on other types of soft impact phenomena that are also related to planetary science. First, the impact of dust aggregates in a protoplanetary disk will be discussed. Dust grains coagulate to become fluffy dust aggregates. The physical properties of the aggregates are key quantities to understanding the history of planetesimal formation. Next, we will return to the discussion of dense macroscopic grains called regolith that cover the surface of various astronomical objects. Some interesting physical properties relating to the impact of dust aggregates and regolith migration will be briefly discussed in this chapter.
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