Abstract
The solidification behaviour and the as cast structure of superalloy K4169 ingots solidified with a low voltage pulsed magnetic field (LVPMF) were investigated by experiments and modelling. The experimental results showed that complete fine equiaxed grains in ingots of diameter 95 mm were obtained by applying an LVPMF. Dendrite tips in the as cast structure were rounded due to the release of latent heat and the concentration of the Joule heating effect on the dendrite tips. The solidification procedure was simulated in order to investigate the grain refinement mechanism. The simulation results show that the LVPMF has electromagnetic convection and electromagnetic vibration effects on the alloy melt. Grain refinement was considered as the result of the magnetic force and melt flow during solidification. Based on the experimental and simulation results, a refining mechanism was proposed for nucleus multiplication by melt vibration and convection, which contributes to heterogeneous nucleation enhancement and leads to high nucleation rate and grain refinement.
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