Grain filling and fatty acid composition of safflower fertilized with integrated nitrogen fertilizer and biofertilizers

Raouf Seyed Sharifi,Ali Namvar,Reza Seyed Sharifi

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2017000400003

Raouf Seyed Sharifi, Ali Namvar + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2017000400003

Copy DOI

Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the integrated application of nitrogen fertilizer and biofertilizers on the yield, grain filling period, and composition of fatty acids of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). Split-plot experiments were carried out during the 2011 and 2012 crop seasons. The treatments consisted of seed inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (Azotobacter chroococcum strain 5, Azospirillum lipoferum strain F, and Pseudomonas putida strain 186) in the subplots, including a control without seed inoculation; and of the application of N fertilizer at different rates (60, 120, and 180 kg ha-1 urea) in the main plots, including a control without N. The highest grain yield, grain filling period, and effective grain filling period were obtained by the application of 180 kg ha-1 urea and by seed inoculation with P. putida. The application of high N rates and P. putida inoculation resulted in 25.66% increase of the potential rate of grain filling. Biofertilizer inoculation in seed reduced the contents of saturated fatty acids (palmetic and stearic acids) and increased the contents of unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic, and oleic acids). The suitable amount of N fertilizer (between 120 and 180 kg ha-1 urea) can improve plant growth, and the quantity and quality of oil in seeds treated with P. putida in safflower plants.

Highlights

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is one of the most important oil seed all over the world
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the integrated application of nitrogen fertilizer and biofertilizers on the yield, grain filling period, and composition of fatty acids of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius)
The treatments were N applications at four rates, assigned to the main plots; and seed treated by biofertilizer inoculations, assigned to the subplots, which were: no inoculation as control, and inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum strain 5, Azospirillum lipoferum strain F, and Pseudomonas putida strain 186

Summary

Introduction

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is one of the most important oil seed all over the world It has a high need of nitrogen (N) due to this nutrient multidimensional effects on the growth and development of this crop than other nutritional elements (Kulekci et al, 2009). Soleymanifard & Sidat (2011) suggested that yield and yield attribute of safflower increased by the increment of N application rate This element is the major macronutrient that determines the rate and period of grain filling. Dordas & Sioulas (2008) reported that higher rates of N application increase the photosynthetic processes, leaf area production, and leaf area duration, as well as the grain filling period Borrás et al (2004) found that lack of assimilate supply, during the grain filling period, could result in a dramatic decline of grain weight. Dordas & Sioulas (2008) reported that higher rates of N application increase the photosynthetic processes, leaf area production, and leaf area duration, as well as the grain filling period

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion