Abstract
Genetic improvement of rice for grain micronutrients, viz., iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content is one of the important breeding objectives, in addition to yield improvement under the irrigated and aerobic ecosystems. In view of developing genetic resources for aerobic conditions, line (L) × tester (T) analysis was conducted with four restorers, four CMS lines and 16 hybrids. Both hybrids and parental lines were evaluated in irrigated and aerobic field conditions for grain yield, grain Fe and Zn content. General Combining Ability (GCA) effects of parents and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) effects of hybrids were observed to be contrasting for the micronutrient content in both the growing environments. The grain Fe and Zn content for parental lines were negatively correlated with grain yield in both the contrasting growing conditions. However, hybrids exhibited positive correlation for grain Fe and Zn with grain yield under limited water conditions. The magnitude of SCA mean squares was much higher than GCA mean squares implying preponderance of dominance gene action and also role of complementary non-allelic gene(s) interaction of parents and suitability of hybrids to the aerobic system. The testers HHZ12-SAL8-Y1-SAL1 (T1) and HHZ17-Y16-Y3-Y2 (T2) were identified as good combiners for grain Zn content under irrigated and aerobic conditions respectively.
Highlights
Genetic improvement of rice for grain micronutrients, viz., iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content is one of the important breeding objectives, in addition to yield improvement under the irrigated and aerobic ecosystems
Hybrid rice technology offers an effective way to boost grain yield by exploiting heterosis/hybrid vigour, which is the superiority of F 1 hybrid over its parents
The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicates that the genotypic effects for the traits considered are significant (P < 0.01) in both the cultivation methods
Summary
Genetic improvement of rice for grain micronutrients, viz., iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content is one of the important breeding objectives, in addition to yield improvement under the irrigated and aerobic ecosystems. In view of developing genetic resources for aerobic conditions, line (L) × tester (T) analysis was conducted with four restorers, four CMS lines and 16 hybrids. Both hybrids and parental lines were evaluated in irrigated and aerobic field conditions for grain yield, grain Fe and Zn content. Even though hybrid technology was commercialised in India during 1994, its area under cultivation has been doubled within a span of 6 years (2016–2020) This shows that there is sudden shift from inbred cultivation to hybrid cultivation and this trend will continue due to availability of good hybrids which are acceptable by farmers. APMS6A × HHZ12-SAL8-Y1-SAL1 APMS6A × HHZ17-Y16-Y3-Y2 APMS6A × HHZ2-Y15-Y6-DT1-DT1 APMS6A × HHZ14-Y7-Y1-DT2 IR68897A × HHZ12-SAL8-Y1-SAL1 IR68897A × HHZ17-Y16-Y3-Y2 IR68897A × HHZ2-Y15-Y6-DT1-DT1 IR68897A × HHZ14-Y7-Y1-DT2 IR79156A × HHZ12-SAL8-Y1-SAL1 IR79156A × HHZ17-Y16-Y3-Y2 IR79156A × HHZ2-Y15-Y6-DT1-DT1 IR79156A × HHZ14-Y7-Y1-DT2 PUSA-5A × HHZ12-SAL8-Y1-SAL1 PUSA-5A × HHZ17-Y16-Y3-Y2 PUSA-5A × HHZ2-Y15-Y6-DT1-DT1 PUSA-5A × HHZ17-Y16-Y3-Y2
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