Abstract
We report a grain boundary formation mechanism in face-centred cubic metals with low stacking fault energies. Severe plastic deformation produces primary nano-twins with a twin boundary spacing of several nanometres, followed by secondary twinning through the activation of Shockley partial dislocations. The partial dislocations interact with primary twin boundaries, resulting in de-twinning of the primary twins and producing very high densities of sessile dislocations. The accumulation of these dislocations produces new grain boundaries with neighbouring grains having similar orientations.
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