Abstract
Increased oxidative stress contributes to the functional impairment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), the pivotal players in the servicing of the endothelial cell lining. Several evidences suggest that decreasing oxidative stress by natural compounds with antioxidant properties may improve EPCs bioactivity. Here, we investigated the effects of Lisosan G (LG), a Triticum Sativum grain powder, and Lady Joy (LJ), a bean lysate, on function of EPCs exposed to oxidative stress. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and plated on fibronectin-coated culture dishes; adherent cells, identified as early EPCs, were pre-treated with different concentrations of LG and LJ and incubated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Viability, senescence, adhesion, ROS production and antioxidant enzymes gene expression were evaluated. Lysate-mediated Nrf-2 (nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2)/ARE (antioxidant response element) activation, a modulator of oxidative stress, was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Lady Joy 0.35–0.7 mg/ml increases EPCs viability; pre-treatment with either LG 0.7 mg/ml and LJ 0.35–0.7 mg/ml protect EPCs viability against H2O2-induced injury. LG 0.7 and LJ 0.35–0.7 mg/ml improve EPCs adhesion; pre-treatment with either LG 0.35 and 0.7 mg/ml or LJ 0.35, 0.7 and 1.4 mg/ml preserve adhesiveness of EPCs exposed to H2O2. Senescence is attenuated in EPCs incubated with lysates 0.35 mg/ml. After exposure to H2O2, LG pre-treated cells show a lower senescence than untreated EPCs. Lysates significantly decrease H2O2-induced ROS generation. Both lysates increase glutathione peroxidase-1 and superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD-2) expression; upon H2O2 exposure, pre-treatment with LJ allows higher SOD-2 expression. Heme oxigenase-1 increases in EPCs pre-treated with LG even upon H2O2 exposure. Finally, incubation with LG 0.7 mg/ml results in Nrf-2 translocation into the nucleus both at baseline and after the oxidative challenge. Our data suggest a protective effect of lysates on EPCs exposed to oxidative stress through the involvement of antioxidant systems. Lisosan G seems to activate the Nrf-2/ARE pathways.
Highlights
Bioactive compounds in food might have beneficial effects on human health relieving complex disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipoproteinaemias, hypertension, heart and vascular diseases and cancer
We have first evaluated total content of polyphenols and flavonoids, a class of polyphenols, in Lisosan G and Lady Joy lysates; we have investigated the effects of LG and LJ on the functional properties of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in basal conditions and upon exposure to oxidative stress injury induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
Pistoia, Italy) and Lady Joy lysates on endothelial progenitor cells bioactivity, early EPCs were incubated for 4 hours at increasing doses of each compound (0, 0.35, 0.70 and 1.4 mg/ml); further, in a new set of experiments, each compound was added to the medium before the treatment with 1 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
Summary
Bioactive compounds in food might have beneficial effects on human health relieving complex disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipoproteinaemias, hypertension, heart and vascular diseases and cancer. The characterization of bioactive compounds of staple foods represents an essential step in the process of validation of such nutritional strategies and is central for specific ‘‘functional’’ food definition [2]. All atherosclerotic risk factors adversely affect circulating EPCs number, functional properties and senescence [6], [7]. These are prominent contributors to the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease in many clinical conditions [8]
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