Abstract
To graft polymers with controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution, the grafting of polymers onto carbon black surface by the termination of living polymer cation with nucleophilic groups, such as amino groups and sodium phenolate and sodium carboxylate groups, introduced onto the surface was investigated. The introduction of amino groups onto the carbon black surface was achieved by the reduction of nitro groups introduced by the nitration of surface aromatic rings. Sodium phenolate and sodium carboxylate groups were introduced onto the surface by the treatment of surface carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups with sodium hydroxide. These nucleophilic groups on carbon black readily reacted with living poly(isobutyl vinyl ether) (poly(IBVE)) cation, and poly(IBVE) with controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution was grafted onto the surface. By the termination of living poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (poly(MeOZO)) cation with these nucleophilic groups on carbon black, poly(MeOZO) was also grafted onto the surface. The mole number of grafted polymer chain on carbon black surface decreased with increasing molecular weight of the living polymer, because the steric hindrance of carbon black surface increased with increasing molecular weight of living polymer. The dispersibility of carbon black was remarkably improved by the grafting of polymers onto the surface.
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