Abstract
ABSTRACT This paper aimed to assess tomato grafting on different solanaceous species through two grafting methods. Scions were cut from cultivar Santa Cruz Kada seedlings. A fully randomized experimental design was carried out with treatments in a 9 x 2 factorial scheme. As rootstocks, four accessions of mini-tomatoes (0224-53, RVTC 57, RVTC 20 and 6889-50 - Solanum lycopersicum L); two species of wild tomato (Solanum habrochaites var hirsutum ‘PI-127826’ and Solanum pennellii ‘LA716’); other two tomato species [Solanum, cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum) and physalis (Physalis peruviana)] and a control with cultivar Santa Cruz Kada (auto-graft) rootstocks were used. In addition, two grafting methods were evaluated full cleft and approach graft. Fifteen days after grafting, plants were assessed for graft-take percentage; root length; plant height; leaf number; foliar area; root, stem and leaf dry matter; and ratio between shoot and root dry matter. Based on the results, we may state rootstock and grafting interaction had effect on both graft -take rate and plant development. Overall, the studied plants should be recommended as rootstock, except for 6889-50 mini-tomato (S. lycopersicum L.) and S. pennellii. Full cleft grafting was most suitable for cocona and physalis, while the approach method showed better results for the mini-tomato accessions 0224-53, RVTC 57 and RVTC 20, as well as for S. habrochaites.
Highlights
Among vegetable crops, tomato is the most widespread, being one of major crops within agribusiness marketing, highly consumed worldwide both fresh or processed
To overcome some of these hurdles, farmers rely on grafting technique, which consists in bonding parts of two plants by means of tissue regeneration developing a single plant (PEIL, 2003; CARDOSO et al, 2006; LOOS; CALIMAN; SILVA, 2009; SIRTOLI et al, 2011)
This study aimed to evaluate take rate of tomato grafted on different species of nightshades by two grafting methods
Summary
Tomato is the most widespread, being one of major crops within agribusiness marketing, highly consumed worldwide both fresh or processed. Brazil, according to the FAO (2012), holds the eighth place in the ranking of fresh tomato world production, yielding nearly four millions of tons within 71 thousand hectares Before it comes China, as the major worldwide producer, followed by India, United States of America, Turkey, Egypt, Iran and Italy. To overcome some of these hurdles, farmers rely on grafting technique, which consists in bonding parts of two plants by means of tissue regeneration developing a single plant (PEIL, 2003; CARDOSO et al, 2006; LOOS; CALIMAN; SILVA, 2009; SIRTOLI et al, 2011) Such tool make use of root systems (rootstocks) that are resistant, enabling control of diseases and pests related to the soil (LIN et al, 2008; RIVARD et al, 2012; GILARDI; GULLINO; GARIBALDI, 2013)
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