Abstract
BackgroundCarboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) is a water-soluble chitosan derivative and it has been widely used in biomedical applications due to its unique properties. Modification of CMCh by graft copolymerization with different monomers is done in order to enhance its applications.ResultsGraft copolymerization of styrene (S) onto CMCh using ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator was successfully done with optimization of grafting parameters. The new materials were prepared in nano size. The antibacterial activities against Streptococcus pneumonia (RCMB 010010), Staphylococcus aureus (RCMB 010028) as Gram-positive and Escherichia coli (RCMB 010052) as Gram-negative bacteria and antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigates (RCMB 02568), Candida albicans (RCMB 05036), Syncephalastrum racemosum (RCMB 05922), and Geotricum candidum (RCMB 05097) were examined using the diffusion agar technique. Also, the cytotoxicity effect against mammalian cell lines (MCF-7cells (human breast cancer) and HTC-116 (colon carcinoma)) was evaluated.ConclusionsThe obtained data proved that grafted carboxymethyl chitosan with styrene (CMCh-g-S) shows better antimicrobial activities, while parent carboxymethyl chitosan showed higher activity than new grafted materials. Also the nano scaled grafted CMCh showed higher activities than grafted carboxymetyl chitosan in macro scale.
Highlights
Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) is a water-soluble chitosan derivative and it has been widely used in biomedical applications due to its unique properties
In the previous grafting of styrene, we can notice that there is no application for the prepared new materials, so here in this study, the novelty is trying to prepare a new material with new applications especially in microbial and medical fields
Styrene was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich; ammonium persulfate (Oxford Laboratory), sodium hydroxide (Oxford laboratory Mumbai-400 002, India), monochloroacetic acid (ADWIC laboratory chemicals), hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, and methanol were obtained from Piochem
Summary
Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) is a water-soluble chitosan derivative and it has been widely used in biomedical applications due to its unique properties. For. Abdel Gawad Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences (2020) 9:4 biomedical applications [19, 20, 28]) Chemical modification [33] concerning CMCh or physical mixing along every other polymer [14] has been broadly studied to obtain materials including novel properties. Polystyrene comes after polyolefins, the most common polymer in both industry and everyday life [22] This is due to its low cost, easy production, and acceptable properties such as a good balance of toughness, rigidity, and transparency. Styrene successfully grafted onto starch with high efficiency [32] It is grafted onto chitin using ammonium persulfate (APS) [2] and efficiently grafted onto chitosan using APS as initiator [1]. In the previous grafting of styrene, we can notice that there is no application for the prepared new materials, so here in this study, the novelty is trying to prepare a new material with new applications especially in microbial and medical fields
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