Abstract
In this work, composite materials with nonlinear conductivity are used to enable grading of the electric field distribution along polymeric outdoor insulators, particularly near the high-voltage and ground terminals. A ZnO spherical microvaristor/carbon fiber (CF)/ silicone rubber (SR) composite is used as the field grading material (FGM). Finite element method-based numerical simulations are performed to analyze the electric field distributions of 220 and 500 kV composite insulators when the nonlinear conductivity type composite material is used. The 220 and 500 kV composite insulators are fabricated based on the results of the simulations and optical electric field sensors are used to measure their electric field distributions under normal operating conditions. The electric field distribution along the composite insulators are shown to be improved through use of the FGM, and the simulation results are consistent with the experimental results. These graded electric field distributions may reduce the degradation of the polymer materials used in composite insulators and extend their lifetimes. In addition, the dry flashover voltages of insulators with FGMs are higher than those of traditional insulators.
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