Gradient-based Volumetric PET Parameters on Immediate Pre-ablation FDG-PETPredict Local Tumor Progression in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastasis Treated by Microwave Ablation.

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the optimal method of segmentation of colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) on immediate pre-ablation PET scans and assess the prognostic value of quantitative pre-ablation PET parameters with regards to local tumor control. A secondary objective was to correlate the target tumor size estimation by PET methods with the tumor measurements on anatomical imaging. A prospectively accrued cohort of 55 CLMs (46 patients) treated withreal-time 18F-FDG-PET/CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation was followed-up for a median of 10.8months (interquartile: 5.5-20.2). Total lesion glycolysis (TLG) and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) values of each CLM were derived from pre-ablation 18F-FDG-PET with gradient and threshold PET segmentation methodologies. The event was defined as local tumor progression (LTP). Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to assess area under the curves (AUCs). Intraclass correlation (ICC) and 95.0% confidence interval (CI) were performed to measure the linear relationships between the continuous variables. AUCs for prediction of LTP obtained from time-dependent ROC analysis for the gradient technique were higher in comparison to the threshold methodologies (AUCs for TLG and volume were: 0.790 and 0.807, respectively). ICC between PET gradient-based and anatomical measurements were higher in comparison to threshold methodologies (ICC for the longest diameter: 733 (95.0% CI 0.538-0.846), ICC for the shortest diameter: .747 (95.0% CI 0.546-0.859), p-values < 0.001). The gradient-based technique had a higher AUC for prediction of LTP after microwave ablation of CLM and showed the highest correlation with anatomical imaging tumor measurements.