Abstract
Nucleic acid-based probes have been widely exploited for biosensing by virtue of their excellent physicochemical and ease synthesis properties. Given that the aggregation-induced emission, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can be converted hydroxyl radical (·OH) to cleave nucleic acids, a new nucleic acid-based probe has been developed for H2O2 assay. Herein, a novel carbazole derivative of 3-(3-(2-(1-ethylquinolin-1-ium-4-yl)vinyl)-9H-carbazol-9-yl)propanoate (EVCP) was designed with enhanced fluorescence signal by G-quadruplex labeled with FAM (G-FAM/EVCP), in which there was a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) effect between EVCP and the labeled FAM. In this assay, the probe of G-FAM/EVCP exhibited high fluorescent signal of EVCP in the absence of H2O2, yet a decrease of EVCP emission intensity but an increase in that of FAM in the presence of H2O2, due to the cleavage of G-FAM/EVCP to short-oligonucleotide fragments by ·OH generated from Fenton reaction, eliminating the FRET effect and achieving H2O2 assay. The nucleic acid-based ratiometric probe was further applied for oxidase-based biosensing using H2O2 as a mediator. Results demonstrated that our proposed strategy had great potential for biochemical and clinical applications.
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