Governance Reform Is Needed to Save the People

Abstract

Saving the people is a natural strategy for an extinction country. It is characterized by an increase (decrease) in the population – ​the scale of the saving the people and life expectancy for newborns (LE) – ​the quality of saving the people. Three ideas determine the intent of the article. The first is the need for an experiment to evaluate various measures for the revival of natural population growth on the example of a small number of cities. It is extremely important to simultaneously check the options for such measures in order to select the best one. The second is the need to prevent another imminent stop in the growth of life expectancy. The stagnation of the life expectancy dynamics in 1960–1980, observed in the world, only in the USSR and the former socialist countries led to a change in the social system – ​governance reform is designed to eliminate the tendency of life expectancy to stagnation. The third idea is to treat entrepreneurs as breadwinners. Using the data of 94 countries for 2019 as an example, a relationship between life expectancy and the factors determining was revealed: GDP per capita at purchasing power parity of currencies (material factor of life expectancy) with eight country ratings – ​non-material factors of life expectancy. It is shown that GDP per capita and the rule of law rating best explain the differences between countries in terms of life expectancy. The success of the reforms is associated with the share of economically independent citizens in the electorate, which is declining in Russia. The inevitable decline in revenues from the export of hydrocarbons requires their replacement by the export of other goods. However, such products have yet to be created, which requires a significant increase in the number of entrepreneurs involved.