Gout and pregnancy: A report of a new case and systematic review

Abstract

IntroductionUnlike other rheumatic diseases, gout is rare in women of childbearing age. Due to the low number of cases available for the study, current information is based mainly on case reports. ObjectiveTo describe the characteristics and the outcome of the pregnancy of women with gout. MethodsA systematic literature search was undertaken by the investigators in the PubMed and Embase databases, from the inclusion date to August 2016. Patients were included if they met the definition of gout according to the American Rheumatism Association criteria, and that they had the description of its follow-up during the pregnancy. Data collection and analysis: each pregnancy was treated as a separate observation for analysis. The maternal and fetal-neonatal outcomes data were extracted from the articles finally selected. ResultsThe search identified 125 potentially relevant articles, but after a full-text review only 12 articles met the inclusion criteria. Of the 23 pregnancies described, there were 16 (69.5%) live births, 5 (21.7%) were aborted, in one (4.3%), the pregnancy was terminated, and in one case report (4.3%) there was no description on the term of pregnancy. No maternal deaths were reported. Two babies died a few hours after birth. Congenital malformations were not described in any case report. The most frequent maternal complications were renal damage, anemia, preeclampsia, and postpartum uremia. ConclusionsGout during pregnancy is not common, but it is known to occur. While the majority of women with gout delivered healthy infants, they were at increased risk of having maternal complications.