Abstract
Google Scholar es un motor de búsqueda académico y herramienta de descubrimiento lanzada por Google (ahora Alphabet) en noviembre de 2004. El hecho de que para cada registro bibliográfico se proporcione información acerca del número de citas recibidas por dicho registro desde el resto de registros indizados en el sistema (independientemente de su fuente) ha propiciado su utilización en análisis bibliométricos y en procesos de evaluación de la actividad académica, especialmente en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades. No obstante, la existencia de errores, en ocasiones de gran magnitud, ha provocado su rechazo y crítica por una parte de la comunidad científica. Este trabajo pretende precisamente realizar una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva de todos los estudios que de forma monográfica o colateral proporcionan alguna evidencia empírica sobre cuáles son los errores cometidos por Google Scholar (y productos derivados, como Google Scholar Metrics y Google Scholar Citations). Los resultados indican que el corpus bibliográfico dedicado a los errores en Google Scholar es todavía escaso (n= 49), excesivamente fragmentado, disperso, con resultados obtenidos sin metodologías sistemáticas y en unidades no comparables entre sí, por lo que su cuantificación y su efecto real no pueden ser caracterizados con precisión. Ciertas limitaciones del propio buscador (tiempo requerido de limpieza de datos, límite de citas por registro y resultados por consulta) podrían ser la causa de esta ausencia de trabajos empíricos.
Highlights
The launch of a new toolGoogle Scholar (GS) is an academic search engine created by Google Inc. ( Alphabet) on 18 November 2004, and its main purpose is to provide “a simple way to broadly search for scholarly literature” and to help users to “find relevant work across the world of scholarly research”.1The way it functions is similar to the general Google search engine in that it is a system based on providing the best possible results to user queries entered into a stripped-down search box (Ortega, 2014)
Studies focusing on the identification and description of errors in Google Scholar are examined
Publications that have focused their interest on errors in filtered or structured environments – either official services (Google Scholar Citations, Google Scholar Metrics) or existing tools in the market (Publish or Perish) – are looked at
Summary
The launch of a new toolGoogle Scholar (GS) is an academic search engine created by Google Inc. ( Alphabet) on 18 November 2004, and its main purpose is to provide “a simple way to broadly search for scholarly literature” and to help users to “find relevant work across the world of scholarly research”.1The way it functions is similar to the general Google search engine in that it is a system based on providing the best possible results to user queries entered into a stripped-down search box (Ortega, 2014). Several empirical studies have demonstrated that the number of citations received by a document is one of the key ranking factors (Beel and Gipp, 2009; Martín-Martín et al, 2017). Another essential feature of Google Scholar is that the entire process is automated, without any human intervention, from the location of documents (crawling) to the bibliographic description (metadata parsing) and the extraction of the bibliographic references (reference parsing) that are used to compute the number of citations received by each retrieved document from all other documents. We may highlight the publications that reflect errors in titles and bibliographic information (mainly, name of journal, volume, number and pagination):
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