Goniothalamin and Celecoxib Effects During Aging: Targeting Pro-Inflammatory Mediators in Chemoprevention of Prostatic Disorders.

Abstract

Prostate is highly affected by aging, which lead to inflammatory disorders that can predispose to cancer development. Chemoprevention has emerged as a new therapeutic approach, intensifying studies evaluating the biological properties of new compounds. The aim of this study was to characterize the inflammatory responses in the prostate ventral lobe from senile mice treated with Goniothalamin (GTN), a promising natural compound with anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. Its activity was compared to Celecoxib, an established nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). The animals were divided into: Control groups; Young (18-week-old FVB), Senile (52-week-old FVB). Treated groups: Senile-Goniothalamin (150 mg/kg orally), Senile-Celecoxib (10 mg/kg orally). The ventral lobe was collected after 4 weeks for light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and Western blotting analysis. Both treatments were efficient in controlling the inflammatory process in the prostate from senile mice, maintaining the glandular morphology integrity. GTN reduced all inflammatory mediators evaluated (TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS) and different from Celecoxib, it also decreased the protein levels of NF-kB and p-NF-kB. Finally, GTN and Celecoxib controlled inflammation in the prostate, and sensitized the senescent microenvironment to anti-inflammatory stimuli. Thus, both treatments are indicated as potential drugs in the prostatic diseases prevention during senescence. Prostate 77:838-848, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.