Gonadal Differentiation of Nilem Fish (Osteochilus vittatus) Utilizing Temperature Treatment

Aulidya Nurul Habibah,Rika P.c Pertiwi Rika P.C Pertiwi,Titi Chasanah Titi Chasanah

doi:10.22236/j.bes/425704

Aulidya Nurul Habibah, Rika P.c Pertiwi Rika P.C Pertiwi + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.22236/j.bes/425704

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Journal: BIOEDUSCIENCE	Publication Date: Dec 31, 2020
License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Jenderal Soedirman University

Abstract

Background: Gonad differentiation in some teleostei is a critical phase of gonad development. Gonad differentiation in some fish such as the tilapia group is influenced by environmental factors, namely temperature. The aim of this study was to determine the differentiation process of Nilem fish gonads (Osteochilus vittatus) under the influence of temperature. Methods: One day after fertilization (days postfertilization/dpf) fish were exposed to different medium temperature ranges, namely: 28-29 oC, 30-31 oC, 32-33 oC, and room temperature as a control for 35 days. The percentage of fish survival was calculated on the 35th day by calculating the number of surviving fish divided by the total number of fish in 1 tank times 100%. Thirty fish in each treatment were measured for body length at day 10 dpf and day 35 dpf to determine fish growth. Six fish 35 dpf from each treatment were fixed in 70% alcohol for making histological preparations using the paraffin method, Haematoxylin-Eosin staining. Fish survival data growth data in the form of fish length were analyzed using Anova. Gonadal differentiation data were analyzed descriptively. Results: There was no significant difference in the growth of fish in all treatment and control groups. The average survival rate of fish in all treatment and control groups was 100%. Observation of the gonads showed that the gonads were not differentiated in all treatment and control groups. Conclusion: The room temperature range up to 33 oC supports the growth of Nilem fish with gonad development in the indifferent gonad stage.

Highlights

Gonadal differentiation of teleost possesses higher plasticity than other vertebrates (Martinez-Bengocheaa et al, 2020)
Increased temperature up to 34 oC has been shown to direct the differentiation of gonads into testes and cause masculinization in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) treated for ten days during the critical phase of gonadal differentiation (Tessema et al, 2006)
Nilem fish age one day after fertilization were obtained by assisted spawning using O. vittatus broodstock induction using a GnRH analogue (Ovaprim, 0.5 cc/kg BW)

Summary

Introduction

Gonadal differentiation of teleost possesses higher plasticity than other vertebrates (Martinez-Bengocheaa et al, 2020). The plasticity of the gonads in teleost and the effect of temperature on gonad differentiation have been investigated in tilapia. Increased temperature up to 34 oC has been shown to direct the differentiation of gonads into testes and cause masculinization in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) treated for ten days during the critical phase of gonadal differentiation (Tessema et al, 2006). The treatment temperatures up to 36 oC in genetically all-female (XX) tilapia larvae for ten days in the critical phase of gonad differentiation, resulted in male tilapia with functional testes (Habibah et al, 2017). Research of the effects of temperature has been extensively investigated on tilapia (Baroiller et al, 1995; D'Cotta et al, 2001; Habibah et al, 2017; Tessema et al, 2006; Wessels et al, 2014; Wessels & Hörstgen-Schwark, 2007, 2011). Optimal growth of Nilem fish is determined by stocking density support growth, i.e. 100 fish/m2 (Herawati et al, 2019)

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