Abstract

Astronomers are investigating middleweight, or intermediate-mass, black holes to understand how black holes found at the center of large galaxies from which nothing, not even light, can escape formed so rapidly. The research suggests that middleweight black holes formed by the collapse of primordial gas clouds in the early universe that bypassed the star stage rather than early stars providing small seeds that merged together. Additional clues about middleweight holes may come from studying bulgeless galaxies which conceal middleweight holes behind dust. INSETS: What Were the Seeds of Supermassive Black Holes?;Early Evidence Favors Gas Collapse over Star Mergers.

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