Gold Nanostar Colorimetric Detection of Fructosyl Valine as a Potential Future Point of Care Biosensor Candidate for Glycated Haemoglobin Detection.

Mulder Mulder,Vorster Vorster,Phiri Phiri

doi:10.3390/bios9030100

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a growing global concern. The current methods used to detect glycated haemoglobin are precise, however, utilise expensive equipment, reagents and consumables. These are luxuries which rural communities cannot access. The nanotechnology methods which have been developed for glycated haemoglobin detection are predominantly electrochemically based, have complicated lengthy fabrication processes and utilise toxic chemicals. Here a fructosyl amino acid oxidase gold nanostar biosensor has been developed as a potential future point of care biosensor candidate for glycated haemoglobin detection. The workup done on this biosensor showed that it was able to give a spectrophotometric readout and colorimetric result with naked eye detection in blank serum spiked with fructosyl valine.

Highlights

IntroductionThe growing prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus is a global concern and South Africa is no exception [1]
The growing prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus is a global concern and South Africa is no exception [1].Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C ) is one of the three confirmatory diagnostic tests for diabetes along with fasting plasma glucose and oral glucose tolerance test [2,3]
10,000, tris-acetate EDTA buffer (TAE), tris-EDTA buffer (TRIS), sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, 3,30 -dithiobis(sulfosuccinimidyl propionate) (DTSSP) recombinant fructosyl amino acid oxidase isolated from Escherichia coli species (FAO), fructosyl valine (Industrial Analytical, Johannesburg, South Africa), glucose (Dischem, Cape Town, South Africa) and Medidrug Basis-line S human blank serum

Summary

Introduction

The growing prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus is a global concern and South Africa is no exception [1]. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C ) is one of the three confirmatory diagnostic tests for diabetes along with fasting plasma glucose and oral glucose tolerance test [2,3]. HbA1C is haemoglobin HbA that has glucose covalently attached to the N-terminal valine of the beta chain via a nonenzymatic attachment process [4]. HbA1C concentration is dependent on the erythrocyte life span and the glucose concentration of glucose found in the blood, any condition which influences the 120 day erythrocyte life span will affect HbA1C [4].

Objectives

Methods

Results