Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effect of various mutagens on the in vitro development, physiological activity, acclimatization efficiency, and genetic integrity of Lamprocapnos spectabilis ‘Valentine’. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), microwaves, and X-rays were used at different doses. The profiles of primary and secondary metabolites and the enzymatic activity in the produced plants were studied. The usefulness of various genetic markers in the detection of mutations in the species was compared. The genome size of L. spectabilis was estimated for the first time. It was found that the addition of AuNPs into the culture medium had a positive impact on the in vitro development and multiplication of plants. All of the shoots regenerated adventitious roots, but plants subjected to the longest microwave irradiation (3 × 9 s) and the non-treated control had the lowest acclimatization efficiency. Application of mutagens significantly affected the activity and profile of most enzymes and phytochemicals studied, however, the final effect depended on the agent type and dose. Mutations were detected by DAMD, RAPD, and SCoT markers in 7.5% of plants, but not by ISSRs. Phenotype variation in leaf shape was found in four plants. The genome size of L. spectabilis was found to be very small; about 1281 Mbp.
Highlights
Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, native to Siberia, northern China, Korea, and Japan (Kamińska et al 2004; Cho 2018)
Neither gold nanoparticles nor electromagnetic irradiation affected the viability of the explants, which reached 86–100% (Table 1)
The propagation ratio was positively affected by nanoparticles, with 22.9 secondary explants produced after adding 75 ppm AuNPs into the culture medium (Table 1; Fig. 1E)
Summary
Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, native to Siberia, northern China, Korea, and Japan (Kamińska et al 2004; Cho 2018). It is known as bleeding heart, fallopian buds, lyre flower, or lady-in-a-bath. Bleeding heart is appreciated in landscape architecture, gardens, and floristry for its decorative leaves and long-viable heart-shaped red, pink, and white flowers, produced in spring It is valued in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic markets due to the presence of biologically active isoquinoline alkaloids (Adamski et al 2020), such as protopine and sanguinarine (Och et al 2017). The species is recently focusing the attention of biotechnologists, its biology and characteristic (e.g. stressrelated physiological reactions) are not fully understood and require more research
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