Gold nanoparticle-Enhanced Bioglass: Unveiling In Vitro and In Vivo Bioactivity Characteristics for Advanced Medical Applications

Abstract

Incorporated gold ions Au into glass with composition 30P2O5–20Ca(OH)2–20ZnO-8.0KF-5B2O3–2.0TiO2 in mol% with 400 ppm (Gold III Chloride trihydrate HAuCl4–3H2O) and 600 ppm (Gold III Chloride trihydrate HAuCl4–3H2O) by using terdiurnal method quenching method. The present glass’s Vicker microhardness, Hv, was determined together with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Utilizing a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the gold nanoparticle and microstructure of these glasses were examined. According to the SEM photographs the heat treatment method significantly changed the form of the crystals phase of produced glass-ceramic. The glass-doped Au was verified by TEM to be nanocrystalline, with a spherical form and varying sizes between 14.7 and 16.2 nm. Investigations have been carried out into the bioactivity of the produced glass, including its antibacterial, anti-proliferative/cytotoxic properties against both normal and activated splenic cells In Vitro, and anticancer effects. These findings demonstrated the strongest antibacterial activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria as well as fungi in the glass doped with 600 parts per million of Au ions. It also demonstrated anti-proliferative/cytotoxicity against normal splenic cells, but had the maximum level of neither cytotoxicity nor proliferative effects on activated splenic cells. According to the data, these produced glasses show promise as possibilities for many medical applications.