GOITER

Abstract

Objectives: The object of this study was to observe prevalence of Goiter disorderand to classify the Goiter patients regarding sex, age and find various conditions of goiter patientin different talukas of district Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan. Introduction: Thyroid gland is the largestorgan of the endocrine system, located in the region of neck. Thyroid disease is a conditionthat disturbs the function of the thyroid gland. Over activity of thyroid gland to release excessquantity of hormones is called hyperthyroidism and under activity of thyroid gland to releaseless quantity of hormones is called hypothyroidism. Enlargement or swellings in the neck regionresulting from goiter disorder of the thyroid gland. Goiter is caused due to iodine deficiencyas seen in more than 90.54% cases worldwide. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are twocondition that can develop goiter disorder. Study Design: Prospective study was carried outthrough a questionnaire. Setting: Different Taluka Hospitals of District Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan.Period: January-2017 to March-2017. Methodology: The data was collected from 57 patients indifferent taluka hospitals of district Sukkur. The collected data includes interviewing of patientsand their Physicians, review of their biochemical tests to check levels of; T3, T4 and TSH andtheir radiological features (thyroid scan). Recorded data was related to age, gender, body mass(weight), life style and family history. Result: The highest prevalence of goiter was observed inAnwar Piracha hospital 45%, Civil hospital Sukkur 14 %, Red Crescent hospital 8.8 %, Sukkurhospital 7.0 %, Taluka hospital Panoaqil 5.3 %, Taluka hospital Rohri 5.3 %, and Al-khair hospital3.5 %. In these areas, the ratio of female patients (94.7 %) was greater than ratio of male patients(5.3%). In our study it was observed that the female patients were greatly affected from the ageof 25-50 years as compare to male patients. The patients with hypothyroidism were observed inhigh percentage (24.6%) and high percentage in cold nodule in (left and right lobe) (17.5%) ascompare to other goiter conditions. Conclusion: This study concludes that the goiter diseaseis present at an alarming level in different talukas of district Sukkur Sindh Pakistan. Therefore,proper actions should be taken to control goiter disorder in district Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan.