Abstract
The dilemma of simultaneously promoting the advantages of urban densification and urban liveability, namely the environmental and social benefits of urban green spaces, has been widely acknowledged in the research literature. This paper aims to provide an overview of the current state of evidence on benefits, conflicts and challenges emerging from fostering both urban densification and urban greening aims. A systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Searches for peer-reviewed papers were conducted in Scopus and Web of Science. Our search yielded an initial 357 papers, which were then further sorted and screened to the 117 manuscripts retained and included in this review. The authors systematized the multiple perspectives in which the interactions between urban densification and urban greening have been explored. Moreover, the results revealed a lack of clear agreement about the existence or not of conflicts emerging from fostering both urban densification and urban greening aims, suggesting that the positive or negative interactions are not absolute but depend on the scale or the context on which the studies are conducted. Further research should explore multiple potential mediating variables (e.g., the mediator effect of scale and context) to deepen our understanding of interactions between density and greening.
Highlights
This review demonstrates the lack of a clear agreement about compatibilities and conflicts that may be revealed while fostering both urban densification and urban greening aims
The results of this review show that the interaction of urban densification and urban greening aims may produce both positive and negative effects on green spaces’ processes and patterns and on biodiversity
This study systematized the multiple perspectives in which the interactions between urban densification and urban greening have been being explored during the last two decades
Summary
Academic Editor: Stefano SalataReceived: 11 August 2021Accepted: 21 September 2021Published: 25 September 2021Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).Today, 55% of the world’s population lives in urban areas, a proportion that is expected to increase to 68% by 2050 [1], which will inevitably result in spatial transformations through processes of expansion and/or densification. The need for sustainable urban development is becoming increasingly important and has been included as a ubiquitous goal in research and urban policies agendas. The United Nations’ Sustainable Development
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