Abstract
Human gnathostomiasis is an emerging food-borne parasitic disease caused by nematodes in the genus Gnathostoma. In spite of their significance as pathogens, these parasites remain poorly understood at the molecular level. In the present study, we sequenced the mitochondrial (mt) genome of G. spinigerum, which infects a range of definitive hosts including dogs, cats, tigers, leopards and humans. The mt genome of G. spinigerum is 14,079 bp in size and shows substantial changes in gene order compared to other nematodes studied to date. Phylogenetic analyses of mt genome sequences by Bayesian inference (BI) revealed that the infraorder Gnathostomatomorpha (represented by G. spinigerum) is closely related to the infraorder Ascaridomorpha. G. spinigerum is the first species from the infraorder Gnathostomatomorpha for which a complete mt genome has been sequenced. The new data will help understand the evolution, population genetics and systematics of this medically important group of parasites.
Highlights
Human gnathostomiasis is an emerging food-borne parasitic disease caused by nematodes in the genus Gnathostoma
There are 12 species in this genus with four species recorded in humans: G. spinigerum, commonly found in India, China, Japan and southeast Asia; G. hispidum, found in Europe, Asia and Australia; G. doloresi, found in southeast Asia; and G. nipponicum, found in Japan[3]
G. spinigerum is frequently reported in Asia as being responsible for human gnathostomiasis, but G. hispidum, G. doloresi, and G. nipponicum have occasionally been reported[4,5,6]
Summary
Mitochondrial Genome Sequence: received: 30 January 2015 accepted: 06 July 2015 Published: 31 July 2015 a Novel Gene Arrangement and its Phylogenetic Position within the Class Chromadorea. Human gnathostomiasis is an emerging food-borne parasitic disease caused by nematodes in the genus Gnathostoma. In spite of their significance as pathogens, these parasites remain poorly understood at the molecular level. Phylogenetic analyses of mt genome sequences by Bayesian inference (BI) revealed that the infraorder Gnathostomatomorpha (represented by G. spinigerum) is closely related to the infraorder Ascaridomorpha. Human gnathostomiasis caused by Gnathostoma spp. is a highly endemic disease in some under-developed communities in Asia, in China[1]. It has become an emerging disease among travelers from Europe and other continents who are coming into contact with endemic areas[2]. To understand the phylogenetic relationship of the infraorder Gnathostomatomorpha with other infraorders of the class Chromadorea, we sequenced the mt genome of G. spinigerum
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