Abstract
The benefits of glyphosate tolerant crops technology are well-known, and its acceptance by farmers is undeniable. However, results of recent research indicate that, in some situations, glyphosate applied to herbicide-tolerant soybean crops may have phytotoxic effects affecting nutritional balance, photosynthesis and others biochemical process in plants. Despite the increasing information available on this subject, there are still scientific and technical issues that need to be clarified. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the impact of applying different rates, management systems, and formulations of glyphosate to glyphosate-tolerant soybean trough different regions of Brazil in different environmental conditions. Two experiments were conducted over two crop seasons. A 2 × 2 × 5 (formulations × stage of application × doses) factorial design was used in each of them, for a total of 20 treatments with four replications. The study assessed a series of variables related to agronomic performance such as total chlorophyll and yield. The results suggest some problems associated with post-emergent use of glyphosate in tolerant soybean crop as 5% total yield reduction even without phytotoxicity symptoms dependent of season. There was not found any formulation interaction with yield decrease.
Highlights
Transgenic plants are being increasingly used in the development of products and services that have a significant impact on the lives of rural producers and worldwide consumers
Before the appearance and expansion of herbicide-resistant crops, the major difficulty in managing weeds that interfere with commercial crops was to find a single product that ensured the effective control of all invasive plants, i.e., that exhibited a broad spectrum of weed control and was simultaneously selective and harmless to the crop, which happens to glyphosate (Ferreira et al, 2013)
With the expansion of area occupied by soybean crops in recent years in Brazil, there has been a significant increase in transgenic soybean, covering over 96% of the soybean-cultivated area in the 2016-17 crop year (Céleres, 2017)
Summary
Transgenic plants are being increasingly used in the development of products and services that have a significant impact on the lives of rural producers and worldwide consumers. Recent studies have reported that glyphosate can have phytotoxic effects on GMO soybean (Albrecht et al, 2011; Zobiole et al, 2010a). Vol 10, No 1; 2018 these findings are a rule or if they depend on environment conditions, glyphosate formulation type or stage of plant development application. The findings of these studies will help to explain the actual impact of glyphosate on glyphosate tolerant-soybean crops under different field conditions and seasons
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