Abstract
There are more than 30 species of Glycyrrhiza genus extensively spread worldwide. It was the most prescribed herb in Ancient Egyptian, Roman, Greek, East China, and the West from the Former Han era. There are various beneficial effects of licorice root extracts, such as treating throat infections, tuberculosis, respiratory, liver diseases, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunodeficiency. On the other hand, traditional medicines are getting the attraction to treat many diseases. Therefore, it is vital to screen the medicinal plants to find the potential of new compounds to treat chronic diseases such as respiratory, cardiovascular, anticancer, hepatoprotective, etc. This work comprehensively reviews ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, biological activities, clinical evidence, and the toxicology of licorice, which will serve as a resource for future clinical and fundamental studies. An attempt has been made to establish the pharmacological effect of licorice in different diseases. In addition, the focus of this review article is on the molecular mechanism of licorice extracts and their four flavonoids (isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, lichalocone, and glabridin) pharmacologic activities. Licorice could be a natural alternative for current therapy to exterminate new emerging disorders with mild side effects. This review will provide systematic insights into this ancient drug for further development and clinical use.
Highlights
Introduction conditions of the Creative CommonsNature has always been a great source of therapeutic substances, delivering us various medicinal plants that produce valuable phytochemicals
Phytochemistry is the discipline of science that deals with plant-derived phytochemicals [19]
The results have confirmed that licorice’ ethanolic extract has antimicrobial potential against Candida albicans and gram-positive bacterial depending upon dose
Summary
Nature has always been a great source of therapeutic substances, delivering us various medicinal plants that produce valuable phytochemicals. G. uralensis is located in Central Asia to China and Mongolia [3] It is grown commercially in Italy, Spain, Greece, France, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Syria, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, India, China, the United States, and England [4,5]. According to a traditional Chinese medicine belief, “nine out of ten formulae contain licorice,” and licorice is one of the most effective herbal medicines for reducing toxicity and increasing the efficacy of other herbal medicines when used together. It may be a health food product and natural sweetener because it is a “medicine food homology” herbal medication [11]. This review will provide systematic insights into this ancient drug for further development and clinical use
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