Glycosylation of Ganoderic Acid G by Bacillus Glycosyltransferases.

Jiumn-Yih Wu,Yun-Rong Zhang,Te-Sheng Chang,Hsiou-Yu Ding,Tzi-Yuan Wang

doi:10.3390/ijms22189744

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal fungus abundant in triterpenoids, its primary bioactive components. Although numerous Ganoderma triterpenoids have already been identified, rare Ganoderma triterpenoid saponins were recently discovered. To create novel Ganoderma saponins, ganoderic acid G (GAG) was selected for biotransformation using four Bacillus glycosyltransferases (GTs) including BtGT_16345 from the Bacillus thuringiensis GA A07 strain and three GTs (BsGT110, BsUGT398, and BsUGT489) from the Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 strain. The results showed that BsUGT489 catalyzed the glycosylation of GAG to GAG-3-o-β-glucoside, while BsGT110 catalyzed the glycosylation of GAG to GAG-26-o-β-glucoside, which showed 54-fold and 97-fold greater aqueous solubility than that of GAG, respectively. To our knowledge, these two GAG saponins are new compounds. The glycosylation specificity of the four Bacillus GTs highlights the possibility of novel Ganoderma triterpenoid saponin production in the future.

Highlights

Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal fungus that has been used for health improvement and the treatment of various diseases in Asia over thousands of years [1]
The results indicate that BsUGT489 and BsGT110 biotransformed ganoderic acid G (GAG) to compound (1) and compound (2), with yields of 74% and 35%, respectively
The results indicate that BsUGT489 and BsGT110 biotransformed GAG to comure 3

Summary

Introduction

Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal fungus that has been used for health improvement and the treatment of various diseases in Asia over thousands of years [1]. In modern studies, both triterpenoids and polysaccharides have been demonstrated to exhibit bioactivity [2]. More than 14,000 different triterpenoids have been identified, and many of them have been proven to play important roles in bioactivity [3]. G. lucidum contains large amounts of triterpenoids, and over 300 triterpenoids that form Ganoderma sp. All Ganoderma triterpenoids belong to the tetracyclic lanostane type of triterpenoids which contain different types of main skeletons, including ganoderic acids

Methods

Results

Conclusion