Year-end Sale % OFF 
Abstract
Since ancient times, edible sea cucumbers have been considered a jewel of the seabed and used in Asian folk medicine for stimulation of resistance against different diseases. However, the power of this sea food has not been established on a molecular level. A particular group of triterpene glycosides was found to be characteristic metabolites of the animals, responsible for this biological action. Using one of them, cucumarioside A2-2 (CA2-2) from the edible Cucumaria japonica species as an example as well as inhibitory analysis, patch-clamp on single macrophages, small interfering RNA technique, immunoblotting, SPR analysis, computer modeling and other methods, we demonstrate low doses of CA2-2 specifically to interact with P2X receptors (predominantly P2X4) on membranes of mature macrophages, enhancing the reversible ATP-dependent Ca2+ intake and recovering Ca2+ transport at inactivation of these receptors. As result, interaction of glycosides of this type with P2X receptors leads to activation of cellular immunity.
Highlights
Macrophageal P2X family receptors and induction of ATP-dependent reversible Ca2+ signaling followed by the recovering the receptor’s inactivation
Using a Ca2+ imaging technique, we have shown that the application of either ATP or cucumarioside А2-2 (CA2-2) to a monolayer of macrophages induces a sharp reversible increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration
We found that CA2-2 was approximately 1000 times more potent than ATP itself (Fig. 1a–d) in induction of calcium oscillations as means to transmit the biological information from the chemical stimulus to macrophages
Summary
The first objectives of the study were to establish the reasoning behind Ca2+ spikes in approximately 20–30% of murine peritoneal macrophages (Supplementary Video S1 and Supplementary Fig. S2a, b), including corresponding molecular targets
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
