Abstract
AbstractGlycerolysis of crude fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) with crude glycerol derived from biodiesel production was performed. The reaction was accomplished at temperatures ranging between 160 and 200 °C and molar ratios of FAME to glycerol ranging between 1.5 and 3.0. Increasing the temperature improved the formation rate of monoglycerides (MG) and diglycerides (DG). However, increasing both the temperature and the molar ratio of glycerol to FAME diminished the formation of MG. Best results (43 % MG and 26 % DG in 10 min) were obtained at 200 °C using the lowest concentration of glycerol. The effects of soap and NaOH present in crude glycerol were controlled by carrying out the reaction with pure glycerol. In comparison with NaOH‐catalyzed reactions, soap‐catalyzed reactions resulted in a slower formation rate of products. However, soap‐catalyzed reactions were less prone to secondary reactions, affording maximum yields of MG and DG, which were higher than those obtained with NaOH‐catalyzed reactions at 180 and 200 °C.
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