Abstract
The diabetes mellitus is a public health problem in C?te d’Ivoire. The Glycemic index (GI) and the Glycemic load (GL) determination of commonly consumed foods such as juice fruits is an alternative to prevent metabolic diseases. This study carried out three wild fruits locally named Baobab (Adansonia digitata), Tomi (Tamarindus indica) and Néré (Parkia biglobosa) collected at maturity stage. The juices from the pulp of fruits have been elaborated, pasteurized, submitted to microbiological and physicochemical analysis before GIs/GLs determination. Ten healthy subjects with body mass index and age average respectively 21.57 ± 1.06 and 28 ± 2 years old tested the three juices and glucose (50 g) as reference food. Blood samples have been collected at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min after foods consumption. The GIs/GLs has been determined according to ISO/FDI 26642:2010 protocol. Data showed that pasteurized juices has a weak microbiologic load (1.0102 - 2.4102 of Mesophylls Aerobic Germs) and not contain pathogen germs. The GI and GL of Néré juice are high with respective values of 89.54 ± 1.63 and 29.22 ± 4.09 whereas those of Baobab and Tomi juice are moderate with respective GI/GL values of 66.48 ± 2.12/13.24 ± 1.99 and 60.41 ± 2.63/12.87 ± 1.67. The juice of Néré should be consumed occasionally when those of Baobab and Tomi should be consumed with moderation. It would be suitable to know more about the GI and GL of all the juice fruits produced locally so as to prevent efficiently diabetes mellitus in the country.
Highlights
The Baobab (Adansonia digitata), the Tomi (Tamarindus indica) and the Néré (Parkia biglobosa) are wild trees of the North of Côte d’Ivoire where their fruits are appreciated
The Glycemic index (GI) and Glycemic load (GL) of Néré juice are high with respective values of 89.54 ± 1.63 and 29.22 ± 4.09 whereas those of Baobab and Tomi juice are moderate with respective GI/GL values of 66.48 ± 2.12/13.24 ± 1.99 and 60.41 ± 2.63/12.87 ± 1.67
This research has permitted to point out the GI and GL of three wild fruit juice from collected in the North of Cote d’Ivoire
Summary
The Baobab (Adansonia digitata), the Tomi (Tamarindus indica) and the Néré (Parkia biglobosa) are wild trees of the North of Côte d’Ivoire where their fruits are appreciated. The ecology and the botany of the fruits species are well known, the scarcity of studies related to the conversion of those fruits into juice and their impact on the health still remains. Those fruits are well known for their richness in carbohydrate [1] [2] [3]. In Côte d’Ivoire, the juices of these fruits are very rich in added sugar (sucrose) and this could have an impact on the glycaemia. The use of the glycaemia index (GI) and glycaemia load (GL) has been proposed as a method to aid therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus and it can be used to slow the absorption of carbohydrate [5]
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