Abstract
Development of functional food especially diabetic food has recently increased since the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased dramatically. Hence, we developed My Cookies® that made from several ingredients that could lower the blood glucose namely arrowroot (Maranta Arundinaceae), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), and porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) glucomannan. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutrient composition, glycemic index, and glycemic load of My Cookies®. Cookie samples were analyzed for their nutrient composition using proximate analysis methods. The total sugar and total starch of cookies were analyzed with colorimetric method and enzymatic method, respectively, while dietary fiber and resistant starch were analyzed with enzymatic-gravimetric method. The glycemic index and glycemic load were determined using Wolever and Jenkins method. The result showed that the cookies contain water, ash, protein, fat, total carbohydrate, soluble fiber, insoluble fiber, and resistant starch as much as 7.20%, 2.66%, 7.66%, 28.00%, 54.49%, 0.57%, 15.80% and 2.23% respectively. Glycemic index and glycemic load of the cookies were 48.2 and 6.92 respectively. Since the glycemic index and glycemic load were categorized as low, it can be concluded that My Cookies® could be consumed by diabetics as an alternative snack.
Highlights
There are many functional foods that have beneficial health effect, one of which is lowering the blood glucose level
Since the dietary fiber is high in arrowroot and the glycemic index is low, arrowroot can be developed as a snack for diabetics (Marsono, 2002)
American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) guidelines stated that patients with type 2 diabetes need a 1,500 to 1,800 kcal per day in order to reduce and/or maintain ideal body weight
Summary
There are many functional foods that have beneficial health effect, one of which is lowering the blood glucose level. Development of functional food for diabetics is very requires good blood glucose control to prevent important in Indonesia due to the increase of diabetes complications. Diet contain high dietary fiber and resistant starch can help control blood sugar and complications in DM (Post et al, 2012). Since the dietary fiber is high in arrowroot and the glycemic index is low, arrowroot can be developed as a snack for diabetics (Marsono, 2002). Another research conducted by Yulia et al (2015) found that cinnamon extract could reduce blood glucose levels in rats fed high fructose diet. Porang tubers (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) contains glucomannan that has properties of reducing blood glucose and cholesterol levels in (Kumar et al, 2013)
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