Glutamine supplementation improves intestinal cell proliferation and stem cell differentiation in weanling mice.

Siyuan Chen,Jinping Deng,Baichuan Deng,Guoqiang Zhu,Chengquan Tan,Yaoyao Xia,Yulong Yin,Wenkai Ren,Jiameng Yan

doi:10.29219/fnr.v62.1439

Abstract

BackgroundIntestinal stem cells can be differentiated into absorptive enterocytes and secretory cells, including Paneth cells, goblet cells, and enteroendocrine cells. Glutamine is a primary metabolic fuel of small intestinal enterocytes and is essential for the viability and growth of intestinal cells.ObjectiveWhether glutamine supplementation affects the differentiation of intestinal stem cells is unknown.DesignThree-week-old ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) male mice were divided randomly into two groups: 1) mice receiving a basal diet and normal drinking water and 2) mice receiving a basal diet and drinking water supplemented with glutamine. After 2 weeks, the mice were sacrificed to collect the ileum for analysis.ResultsThe study found that glutamine supplementation in weanling mice decreases the crypt depth in the ileum, leading to higher ratio of villus to crypt in the ileum, but promotes cell proliferation of intestinal cells and mRNA expression of Lgr5 (leucine-rich repeat-containing g-protein coupled receptor5) in the ileum. Glutamine has no effect on the number of Paneth cells and goblet cells, and the expression of markers for absorptive enterocytes, Paneth cells, goblet cells, and enteroendocrine cells.ConclusionThese findings reveal the beneficial effects of dietary glutamine supplementation to improve intestinal morphology in weanling mammals.

Highlights

Intestinal stem cells can be differentiated into absorptive enterocytes and secretory cells, including Paneth cells, goblet cells, and enteroendocrine cells
Glutamine supplementation has no effect on weight gain of weanling mice To explore the effect of glutamine supplementation on weanling stress, weight gain, food intake, and water intake were monitored during the experiment
Glutamine supplementation had no influence on the mRNA expression of sucrase, enteroendocrine cells expressing chromogranin A (Chga), and peptide YY (Pyy) (Fig. 2f), as well as Hes1 and Math1 (Fig. 2g); these latter factors are known to direct intestinal epithelial differentiation into the two major lineages: the absorptive and the secretory lineage, respectively

Summary

Introduction

Intestinal stem cells can be differentiated into absorptive enterocytes and secretory cells, including Paneth cells, goblet cells, and enteroendocrine cells. Glutamine is a primary metabolic fuel of small intestinal enterocytes and is essential for the viability and growth of intestinal cells. Objective: Whether glutamine supplementation affects the differentiation of intestinal stem cells is unknown. Results: The study found that glutamine supplementation in weanling mice decreases the crypt depth in the ileum, leading to higher ratio of villus to crypt in the ileum, but promotes cell proliferation of intestinal cells and mRNA expression of Lgr (leucine-rich repeat-containing g-protein coupled receptor5) in the ileum. Glutamine has no effect on the number of Paneth cells and goblet cells, and the expression of markers for absorptive enterocytes, Paneth cells, goblet cells, and enteroendocrine cells. Conclusion: These findings reveal the beneficial effects of dietary glutamine supplementation to improve intestinal morphology in weanling mammals

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